...medicine and health care news

Testosterone is a steroid hormone from the androgen group. Testosterone is secreted in the testes of men and the ovaries of women.

Human biology is an academic field of biology which focuses on humans; it is closely related to medicine, primate biology, and a number of other fields.

Hyperthyroidism (or "overactive thyroid gland") is the clinical syndrome caused by an excess of circulating free thyroxine (T4) or free triiodothyronine (T3), or both.

DNA repair refers to a collection of processes by which a cell identifies and corrects damage to the DNA molecules that encode its genome.

Sunscreen (also known as sunblock) is a lotion, spray or other topical product that helps protect the skin from the sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and which reduces sunburn and other skin damage.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), also known simply as Alzheimer's, is a neurodegenerative disease that, in its most common form, is found in people over age 65.

Alcoholism is the consumption of or preoccupation with alcoholic beverages to the extent that this behavior interferes with the alcoholic's normal personal, family, social, or work life.

The thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), are tyrosine-based hormones produced by the thyroid gland.

The peanut or groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) is a species in the pea family Fabaceae native to South America.

Emergency operations or Emergency preparedness is a set of doctrines to prepare civil society to cope with natural or man-made disasters.

Histamine is a biogenic amine chemical involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter.

Plastic surgery is a general term for operative manual and instrumental treatment which is performed for functional or aesthetic reasons.

A sugar substitute, or artificial sweetener, is a food additive which duplicates the effect of sugar or corn syrup in taste, but often with less food energy.

A cardiac arrest is the cessation of normal circulation of the blood due to failure of the ventricles of the heart to contract effectively during systole.

Hair is a filamentous outgrowth of the skin found only in mammals. The speed of hair growth is roughly 11 cm/yr. The average human head has about 100,000 hair follicles.

Scurvy is a deficiency disease that results from lack of vitamin C, which is required for correct collagen synthesis in humans.

The immune system is the system of specialized cells and organs that protect an organism from outside biological influences.

Biological tissue is a collection of interconnected cells that perform a similar function within an organism.

Green tea is a "true" tea (i.e. Camellia sinensis) that has undergone minimal oxidation during processing.

Robotic surgery is the use of robots in performing surgery. Three major advances aided by surgical robots have been remote surgery, minimally invasive surgery, and unmanned surgery.

Occupational therapy (OT) is skilled treatment that helps individuals achieve independence in all facets of their lives.

Endocrinology is a branch of medicine dealing with disorders of the endocrine system and its specific secretions called hormones.

Colorectal cancer, also called colon cancer or bowel cancer, includes cancerous growths in the colon, rectum and appendix.

Meat is animal tissue used as food. It not only refers to muscle tissue, but also includes fat or non-muscle organs such as lungs, liver, and kidney.

Currently, much of medical practice is based on "standards of care" that are determined by averaging responses across large cohorts.

Glutamate is a key molecule in cellular metabolism. In humans, dietary proteins are broken down by digestion into amino acids, which serves as metabolic fuel or other functional roles in the body.

Anesthesia or anaesthesia (see spelling differences), has traditionally meant the process of blocking the perception of pain and other sensations.

Sensory neurons are nerve cells within the nervous system responsible for converting external stimuli from the organism's environment into internal electrical impulses.

A scar results from the biologic process of wound repair in the skin and other tissues of the body. Thus, scarring is a natural part of the healing process.

A stroke or cerebrovascular accident (CVA) occurs when the blood supply to a part of the brain is suddenly interrupted.